01. Symphony in C major, C 1- 1. Allegro assai    [0:04:01.63]
02. Symphony in C major, C 1- 2. Menuet e trio    [0:03:47.40]
03. Symphony in C major, C 1- 3. Andante    [0:02:29.20]
04. Symphony in C major, C 1- 4. Presto    [0:02:30.15]
05. Symphony in D major, D 17- 1. Presto assai    [0:04:29.40]
06. Symphony in D major, D 17- 2. Andante staccato    [0:02:22.00]
07. Symphony in D major, D 17- 3. Presto    [0:03:04.45]
08. Symphony in C major, D 1- 1. Allegro    [0:02:53.50]
09. Symphony in C major, D 1- 2. Menuet e trio    [0:04:01.40]
10. Symphony in C major, D 1- 3. Andante    [0:03:05.20]
11. Symphony in C major, D 1- 4. Allegro    [0:02:23.25]
12. Symphony in G major, G 14- 1. Allegro moderato    [0:03:46.00]
13. Symphony in G major, G 14- 2. Adagio    [0:02:46.20]
14. Symphony in G major, G 14- 3. Presto assai    [0:03:03.20]
15. Symphony (Partia) in C major, C 4- 1. Allegro moderato    [0:05:03.45]
16. Symphony (Partia) in C major, C 4- 2. Menuet e trio    [0:03:19.65]
17. Symphony (Partia) in C major, C 4- 3. Andante    [0:02:42.10]
18. Symphony (Partia) in C major, C 4- 4. Presto    [0:01:53.65]
19. Symphony in D major, D 25- 1. Allegro    [0:04:24.10]
20. Symphony in D major, D 25- 2. Andante non poco    [0:03:35.40]
21. Symphony in D major, D 25- 3. Presto    [0:02:35.42]

London Mozart Players
Matthias Bamert – conductor

The revival in performances of the early Italian-Austrian symphony at first bypassed Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's father Leopold, and all the pieces on this disc are receiving their first recordings. Leopold was well known as a symphonist on his own before his son came on the scene. Chronological control over his output has not yet been fully achieved, but the music heard here was likely composed in the 1750s and 1760s. As such, it arose during a time when the symphony coexisted with a host of other multi-movement instrumental genres, which could vary in terms of both forces and function. One of these "symphonies" was labeled as a "parthia," a serenade-like form possibly related to the Feldparthie and intended to evoke a military or hunting atmosphere. That work, here labeled the Symphony (Partia) in C major, C 4, has a lazy noctural atmosphere and actually seems less characteristic of outdoor music than several of the other symphonies, which have active horn parts. This probably shows only that publishers of the day slapped onto pieces whatever title suited them. The key point is that Leopold Mozart composed fluently in a variety of early symphony types and seems to have used their basic ideas (opening fanfares, solo violin parts in minuets, and a fugal finale all occur along the way here) in something other than purely functional ways. There is no way to be sure about this, inasmuch as little is known of Leopold's career, but the implications of this variety for an understanding of Wolfgang's training are rich: part of the greatness of Wolfgang's music lies in his ability to expand a seemingly generic core into something really unusual. This CD gives listeners an excellent taste of the issues. The music is all sunny and pleasant in the way characteristic of the age, and even listeners completely unacquainted with the early Classical-period symphony will enjoy it. The modern-instrument London Mozart players under Matthias Bamert deal well with the varied textures of the music, executing details like horn trills without flinching, but the combination of a fairly large chamber orchestra and harsh church sound results in string passages that are not quite as silky as one would wish. This is nevertheless recommended as a good place to begin for those who want to grapple with just what it was that Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart heard when he was little, and how it shaped him. ---Jams Manheim, Rovi

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1. Sinfonia da caccia, "Jagd Symphonie": I. Vivace	4:59
2. Sinfonia da caccia, "Jagd Symphonie": II. Andante, piu tosto un poco allegretto	2:53
3. Sinfonia da caccia, "Jagd Symphonie": III. Menuet	3:09	
4. Sinfonia da caccia, "Jagd Symphonie": IV. Vivace [Mov't I da capo]	2:43	
5. Divertimento in D Major, "Die Bauernhochzeit": I. Marcia villanesca		3:22	
6. Divertimento in D Major, "Die Bauernhochzeit": II. Menuet		2:38
7. Divertimento in D Major, "Die Bauernhochzeit": III. Andante		2:51	
8. Divertimento in D Major, "Die Bauernhochzeit": IV. Menuet		3:05
9. Divertimento in D Major, "Die Bauernhochzeit": V. Finale: Molto allegro	3:08	
10. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G2, "Sinfonia burlesca": I. Sinfonia		3:15
11. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G2, "Sinfonia burlesca": II. Menuet - Trio, "Hanswurst"	4:14	
12. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G2, "Sinfonia burlesca": III. Andante, "Il Signor Pantalone"	3:44
13. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G2, "Sinfonia burlesca": IV. Allegro, "Harlequino"	2:42
14. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G16, "Neue Lambacher": I. Allegro		8:00	
15. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G16, "Neue Lambacher": II. Andante un poco - Allegretto	3:13
16. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G16, "Neue Lambacher": III. Menuetto		2:23	
17. Symphony in G Major, Eisen G16, "Neue Lambacher": IV. Allegro		7:04

Orfeo Baroque Orchestra
Michi Gaigg – conductor

Leopold Mozart's lasting legacy is his success in promoting the legend of the child prodigy, Wolfgang Amadeus. Often his music is completely overshadowed by that of his son. So it is good to see a CD of his sinfonias by an excellent period instrument orchestra (L'orfeo Barockorchester).

The Sinfonia di Caccia for four horns is a four movement work although not classical symphonic in structure as the final movement is a da capo repeat of the first. There is really some great natural horn playing here and the Director (Michi Gaigg) resists the temptation of including the hunting calls and gunshots normally associated with this piece, which allows the lively music to be enjoyed. No such restraint is shown with The Peasants' Wedding (Die Bauernhochzeit) sinfonia - here shouts, whoops, whistles and handclaps are included throughout several movements (as called for in the score, apparently). Very surprising and amusing on first hearing, very annoying thereafter. Bagpipes, hurdy-gurdy and dulcimer (salterio) all add to the impression of country folk dancing but the inclusion of this musical 'amusement' does nothing for Leopold's reputation.

The Sinfonia Burlesca is actually a chamber piece for 2 violas, 2 cellos, bassoon and bass with no violins. Despite the comic title, it is a fairly subdued piece consisting an opening sinfonia (overture) and three character-titled movements. It is a very fine work, more like a Divertimento than a sinfonia, but is very quiet by comparison with the other works. The Neue Lambach, on the other hand, is a typical full-scale Viennese grand Symphony in the classical style. Believed for many years for many years to be by Mozart Junior incorrectly, this impressive work shows Mozart Senior as a serious composer deserving of our attention. The recording is acceptable as it is rather hollow sounding and the orchestra performs well. The main problem here is the choice of programme. A quarter of the CD is wasted on what is little more than a musical joke and the Sinfonia Burlesca is actually a chamber piece, although I do understand that a representative selection of Leopold's work was needed here. This CD is only cautiously recommended because of the choice of works. ---Dr. A. Large, amazon.com

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Sinfonia in D major "Die Bauernhochzeit" (Peasant Wedding)

1 1. Marcia villanesca [2:34]
2 2. Menuett [2:43]
3 3. Andante [1:49]
4 4. Menuett [3:33]
5 5. Finale. Molto allegro [2:14]

Musikalische Schlittenfahrt (Musical Sleigh-Ride)

6 1. Intrada [0:20]
7 2. Andante [1:05]
8 3. Presto [2:12]
9 4. Intrada [0:20]
10 5. Schlittenfahrt [2:01]
11 6. Andante, sempre piano: Das schuttelnde Pferd [1:23]
12 7. Aufzug [1:05]
13 8. Allegro [1:29]
14 9. Intrada [0:19]
15 10. Schlittenfahrt [1:26]
16 11. Adagio: Das vor Kalte zitternde und schnatternde Frauenzimmer [2:35]
7 12. Des Balles Anfang: Menuett/Trio [3:00]
18 13. Deutscher Tanz I. Presto [0:44]
9 14. Kehraus. Allegro [0:51]
20 15. Pianissimo [0:55]
21 16. Deutscher Tanz II [0:31]
22 17. Kehraus. Allegro [0:27]
23 18. Intrada [0:19]
24 19. Schlittenfahrt [1:26]

Sinfonia burlesca in G major

25 1. Sinfonia [2:16]
26 2. Hanswurst (Menuett) [3:55]
27 3. Il Signor Pantalone (Andante) [2:08]
28 4. Arlecchino [1:54]

Josef Starzer (1726 - 1787)

Dances from "Diane et Endimione"
29 Contredance in B flat major [1:05]
Dances from "Roger et Bradamante"
30 Gavotte in B flat major with Trio in E flat major [2:16]
Dances from "Diane et Endimione"
31 "Pas de deux" in B flat major [2:14]
32 Menuet in E flat major [1:07]
Gli Orazi e gli Curiazi
33 Gavotte in G major with Trio in D minor [1:33]
Dances from "Roger et Bradamante"
34 Moderato in F major [1:16]
Dances from "Diane et Endimione"
35 Gavotte in F major [1:14]
36 Menuet in B flat major with Trio in G minor [3:15]
Dances from "Roger et Bradamante"
37 Gavotte in D major with Trio in D minor [2:43]
38 Passe-pied in D minor with Trio in D major [1:56]

Ensemble Eduard Melkus
Eduard Melkus -conductor

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